{"id":25747,"date":"2022-03-23T11:53:18","date_gmt":"2022-03-23T15:53:18","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/textiles.ncsu.edu\/news\/?p=25747"},"modified":"2024-11-24T13:41:09","modified_gmt":"2024-11-24T18:41:09","slug":"design-tweak-helps-prevent-malfunction-in-yarns-designed-to-store-energy","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/textiles.ncsu.edu\/news\/2022\/03\/design-tweak-helps-prevent-malfunction-in-yarns-designed-to-store-energy\/","title":{"rendered":"Design Tweak Helps Prevent Malfunction in Yarns Designed to Store Energy"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

In a new study, North Carolina State University researchers found a way to prevent electrical malfunctions in yarns designed to store electrical energy. Ultimately, the findings could help advance the development of \u201csmart textiles\u201d that would capture energy from the wearer\u2019s movements and power sensors and wearable electronics.<\/p>\n\n\n

The researchers reported in npj Flexible Electronics<\/em><\/a> that they were able to prevent short-circuiting in yarns that act as supercapacitors \u2013 which are electrical devices that store energy \u2013 by wrapping the yarns with an insulating thread. They also tested the strength and durability of the yarns to make sure they could still work after going through knitting and weaving processes.<\/p>\n\n\n

\u201cA supercapacitor functions like a battery, but in this case, we\u2019re working on a flexible battery shaped as a textile yarn that you could weave or knit into your T-shirt or sweater,\u201d said Wei Gao<\/a>, associate professor of textile engineering, chemistry and science and a University Faculty Scholar at NC State. \u201cIn this study, we have woven this yarn into a piece of fabric so that it can store electrical energy, and eventually we want to use it to power whatever electronic devices you need, whether it be a sensor, a light or even a cell phone.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n

While research into these so-called \u201cyarn-shaped supercapacitors\u201d is promising, researchers say developers face a consistent problem with their design: the yarn-shaped supercapacitors are more likely to short circuit as their length increases. Short-circuiting is when the electric current flows through an unintended path. It is a safety concern because a short circuit can result in a burst of heat energy or even a fire.<\/p>\n\n\n

\u201cEverybody is trying to make smart electronics that can be incorporated into cloth or fabric,\u201d Gao said. \u201cWhat we found is if you try to make a supercapacitor yarn longer than 8 inches, it\u2019s pretty easy for this device to short-circuit. It\u2019s pretty dangerous, and it\u2019s something nobody wants to encounter when wearing a smart suit.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n

To solve that problem, the researchers tested what would happen when they wrapped the super-capacitor yarn electrodes with insulating threads. The idea was that the threads would act as a physical barrier, keeping the opposite electrodes from contacting each other and preventing short-circuiting. They tested their device\u2019s performance by connecting the electrodes to a power source and recording the device\u2019s current response. They also tested how well the yarns were able to hold a charge. They found that the yarns kept 90% of the initial energy after charging and discharging them 10,000 times.<\/p>\n\n\n

The researchers also tested to see if they could withstand bending and stretching by weaving their yarn-shaped supercapacitors into a fabric.<\/p>\n\n\n

\u201cThe yarns need to be flexible and strong enough so that when you bend, stretch and press them, they keep their original electrical performance after all of those mechanical deformations,\u201d said the study\u2019s lead author Nanfei He<\/a>, postdoctoral research scholar in textile engineering, chemistry and science at NC State. \u201cThe yarns all kept their original performance, even after going through weaving and knitting.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n

Researchers said they made the yarn-shaped supercapacitor using processes that are conventional in textile manufacturing.<\/p>\n\n\n

\u201cAll of these processes can be scaled up very easily,\u201d He said.<\/p>\n\n\n

 In future work, the researchers want to incorporate their design into a garment, and to try to integrate it with other energy-generating devices.<\/p>\n\n\n

\u201cMaterials innovation and process engineering are critical to the scalability and device performance,\u201d said Feng Zhao, CEO of Storagenergy Technologies Inc., the industrial partner of the project. \u201cWe have developed a process to produce thousands of meters of high-performance yarns in a continuous manner.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n

The study, \u201cSeparator Threads in Yarn-Shaped Super-capacitors,\u201d was published online in npj Flexible Electronics<\/em>. In addition to He, Gao and Zhao the other authors were Junhua Song and Jinyun Liao of Storagenergy Technologies Inc. The study was supported by Storagenergy Technologies Inc., and funded by the United States Army under contract numbers W911NF19C0074 and W911NF18C0086.<\/p>\n\n\n

-oleniacz-<\/p>\n\n\n

Note to editors<\/strong>: The abstract follows.<\/p>\n\n\n

\u201cSeparator Threads in Yarn-Shaped Super-capacitors to Avoid Short-Circuiting Upon Length\u201d<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n

Authors<\/strong>: Nanfei He, Junhua Song, Jinyun Liao, Feng Zhao and Wei Gao.<\/p>\n\n\n

Published<\/strong> online in npj Flexible Electronics<\/em> on March 18, 2022.<\/p>\n\n\n

DOI<\/strong>: 10.1038\/s41528-022-00150-2<\/p>\n\n\n

Abstract<\/strong>: Yarn-shaped supercapacitors (YSCs) are becoming promising energy-supply units with decent mechanical flexibility to be integrated into e-textiles in various shapes and locations. However, a robust YSC configuration that can provide long-term and reliable power output, especially after rigorous weaving and knitting processes, as well as all kinds of end uses, is yet to be established. Most YSCs today still suffer from short-circuiting upon length, primarily due to the structure failure of gel electrolyte that also works as the separator. Herein, we report the incorporation of separator threads in a twisted YSC, to withstand repetitive mechanical deformations. Separator threads are wrapped outside of yarn electrodes as a scaffold to accommodate gel electrolyte, while chemistry and wrapping density of these threads are investigated. With processing parameters optimized, we present an YSC configuration that can bear mechanical deformations along almost all directions, leading to reliable power units in woven or knit fabrics.<\/p>\n

This post was originally published<\/a> in NC State News.<\/em><\/p>","protected":false,"raw":"\n

In a new study, North Carolina State University researchers found a way to prevent electrical malfunctions in yarns designed to store electrical energy. Ultimately, the findings could help advance the development of \u201csmart textiles\u201d that would capture energy from the wearer\u2019s movements and power sensors and wearable electronics.<\/p>\n\n\n

The researchers reported in npj Flexible Electronics<\/em><\/a> that they were able to prevent short-circuiting in yarns that act as supercapacitors \u2013 which are electrical devices that store energy \u2013 by wrapping the yarns with an insulating thread. They also tested the strength and durability of the yarns to make sure they could still work after going through knitting and weaving processes.<\/p>\n\n\n

\u201cA supercapacitor functions like a battery, but in this case, we\u2019re working on a flexible battery shaped as a textile yarn that you could weave or knit into your T-shirt or sweater,\u201d said Wei Gao<\/a>, associate professor of textile engineering, chemistry and science and a University Faculty Scholar at NC State. \u201cIn this study, we have woven this yarn into a piece of fabric so that it can store electrical energy, and eventually we want to use it to power whatever electronic devices you need, whether it be a sensor, a light or even a cell phone.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n

While research into these so-called \u201cyarn-shaped supercapacitors\u201d is promising, researchers say developers face a consistent problem with their design: the yarn-shaped supercapacitors are more likely to short circuit as their length increases. Short-circuiting is when the electric current flows through an unintended path. It is a safety concern because a short circuit can result in a burst of heat energy or even a fire.<\/p>\n\n\n

\u201cEverybody is trying to make smart electronics that can be incorporated into cloth or fabric,\u201d Gao said. \u201cWhat we found is if you try to make a supercapacitor yarn longer than 8 inches, it\u2019s pretty easy for this device to short-circuit. It\u2019s pretty dangerous, and it\u2019s something nobody wants to encounter when wearing a smart suit.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n

To solve that problem, the researchers tested what would happen when they wrapped the super-capacitor yarn electrodes with insulating threads. The idea was that the threads would act as a physical barrier, keeping the opposite electrodes from contacting each other and preventing short-circuiting. They tested their device\u2019s performance by connecting the electrodes to a power source and recording the device\u2019s current response. They also tested how well the yarns were able to hold a charge. They found that the yarns kept 90% of the initial energy after charging and discharging them 10,000 times.<\/p>\n\n\n

The researchers also tested to see if they could withstand bending and stretching by weaving their yarn-shaped supercapacitors into a fabric.<\/p>\n\n\n

\u201cThe yarns need to be flexible and strong enough so that when you bend, stretch and press them, they keep their original electrical performance after all of those mechanical deformations,\u201d said the study\u2019s lead author Nanfei He<\/a>, postdoctoral research scholar in textile engineering, chemistry and science at NC State. \u201cThe yarns all kept their original performance, even after going through weaving and knitting.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n

Researchers said they made the yarn-shaped supercapacitor using processes that are conventional in textile manufacturing.<\/p>\n\n\n

\u201cAll of these processes can be scaled up very easily,\u201d He said.<\/p>\n\n\n

 In future work, the researchers want to incorporate their design into a garment, and to try to integrate it with other energy-generating devices.<\/p>\n\n\n

\u201cMaterials innovation and process engineering are critical to the scalability and device performance,\u201d said Feng Zhao, CEO of Storagenergy Technologies Inc., the industrial partner of the project. \u201cWe have developed a process to produce thousands of meters of high-performance yarns in a continuous manner.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n

The study, \u201cSeparator Threads in Yarn-Shaped Super-capacitors,\u201d was published online in npj Flexible Electronics<\/em>. In addition to He, Gao and Zhao the other authors were Junhua Song and Jinyun Liao of Storagenergy Technologies Inc. The study was supported by Storagenergy Technologies Inc., and funded by the United States Army under contract numbers W911NF19C0074 and W911NF18C0086.<\/p>\n\n\n

-oleniacz-<\/p>\n\n\n

Note to editors<\/strong>: The abstract follows.<\/p>\n\n\n

\u201cSeparator Threads in Yarn-Shaped Super-capacitors to Avoid Short-Circuiting Upon Length\u201d<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n

Authors<\/strong>: Nanfei He, Junhua Song, Jinyun Liao, Feng Zhao and Wei Gao.<\/p>\n\n\n

Published<\/strong> online in npj Flexible Electronics<\/em> on March 18, 2022.<\/p>\n\n\n

DOI<\/strong>: 10.1038\/s41528-022-00150-2<\/p>\n\n\n

Abstract<\/strong>: Yarn-shaped supercapacitors (YSCs) are becoming promising energy-supply units with decent mechanical flexibility to be integrated into e-textiles in various shapes and locations. However, a robust YSC configuration that can provide long-term and reliable power output, especially after rigorous weaving and knitting processes, as well as all kinds of end uses, is yet to be established. Most YSCs today still suffer from short-circuiting upon length, primarily due to the structure failure of gel electrolyte that also works as the separator. Herein, we report the incorporation of separator threads in a twisted YSC, to withstand repetitive mechanical deformations. Separator threads are wrapped outside of yarn electrodes as a scaffold to accommodate gel electrolyte, while chemistry and wrapping density of these threads are investigated. With processing parameters optimized, we present an YSC configuration that can bear mechanical deformations along almost all directions, leading to reliable power units in woven or knit fabrics.<\/p>\n"},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

NC State researchers found a way to prevent electrical malfunctions in yarns designed to store electrical energy.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":8,"featured_media":25748,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"source":"ncstate_wire","ncst_custom_author":"","ncst_show_custom_author":false,"ncst_dynamicHeaderBlockName":"ncst\/default-post-header","ncst_dynamicHeaderData":"{\"showAuthor\":true,\"showDate\":true,\"showFeaturedVideo\":false,\"caption\":\"\",\"displayCategoryID\":2135}","ncst_content_audit_freq":"","ncst_content_audit_date":"","footnotes":"","_links_to":"","_links_to_target":""},"categories":[742,512,479],"tags":[1143,2565,2327,500,727,1382],"class_list":["post-25747","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-newswire","category-research-and-innovation","category-tecs","tag-department-of-textile-engineering-chemistry-and-science","tag-dr-wei-gao","tag-faculty-research","tag-smart-textiles","tag-tecs","tag-wilson-college-of-textiles"],"displayCategory":null,"acf":[],"yoast_head":"Design Tweak Helps Prevent Malfunction in Yarns Designed to Store Energy - 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